Slow drains, sewage odors, wet areas or backups can signal a problem, but they do not establish the exact failure or solution. Avoid choosing a scope from symptoms alone.
Start with records and evaluation
- Locate the existing permit and system layout if available
- Document symptoms, timing and recent changes in use
- Avoid driving or excavating over the system area
- Ask what evaluation or county involvement is required
- Request a written explanation of the proposed repair or replacement
Why the distinction matters
A repair may address a limited component or condition. A replacement can involve a new permitted design, a different drain-field area and more extensive sitework. Johnston County Environmental Health evaluates malfunctioning systems and determines an appropriate repair solution under its published responsibilities.
This guide is general information, not an estimate, engineering advice or a statement of current permitting requirements. Confirm project-specific requirements with the applicable authority and provider.